Mission; That is what you bring from other lives.
MISSION: Fight off opponents and provide protection. It gives energetic disposition, sense of obedience and tradition, caution, positive ambition and appreciation of the arts. Corresponding planet: Jupiter. Visit time: 17h00 to 17h19. Psalm : 07. Lucky Number: 01. Day of the Week: Monday. Blue color. Fire element. Stone: Blue Agate. Mantra: "I thank you, Lord! Being a Psalmist, I will daily psalm in your name, Lord, Most High." Who is born in the days mentioned, has great strength courage and determination. Withstanding any adversity benevolently not afraid of work and with great inspiration to perform it, could possibly be an excellent architect or work in construction. You will have to beware of rampant pride and can create situations with your loved ones. And even getting inelegant. With aggressiveness. These people are respectful to others, and their moral and good custom priorities are their priority. Helps protect people who suffer injustice. If you have to take important action in your life, or do something that will need good fluids, (signing contracts, making an important date, taking a trip, December.
The name of the apostle Santiago .
The names James and James derive indirectly from the Latin Iacobus , in turn a Latinization of the Hebrew name Jacob ( Portuguese in " Jacob ") and their association Sanctus Iacopus.
Over time, the name evolved in different directions depending on the languages : Jakob remained in German and other Nordic languages, James in English , Giacomo in Italian and Jacques in French .
In the Iberian Peninsula , there are substantial differences: Became Jaume or Jaime (current forms in Catalan ). Jácome is an old adaptation of the Italian Giàcome , which subsists as an unusual nickname in Galicia and Portugal. Some people think that the name Iago / Yago is the heritage form of the languages of the central and western Iberian Peninsula, but this is false. The only patrimonial forms in Castilian , that already appear registered in Cantar del Mio Cid , [2] are Yaguo and Yagüe, both with normal phonetic evolution from the accusative and the vocative, respectively. The name of the saint in this work appears as Santi Yaguo and, vocatively, Santi Yagüe (for example, when used as a battle cry of Christians). The Yaguo form seems to have disappeared completely, but Yagüe still remains as a nickname (for example, in Madrid there is a street dedicated to General Yagüe ).
In the Galician-Portuguese linguistic domain, it is impossible for Iago to be a heritage form, because all the Latin I in the pre-vowel initial position (pronounced first and semivowel later) give way to the pre-wheezing fricative consonant in romance. palatal or alveolar palate [ž] (IPA [ʒ]), so <iam, January <Ianuarius, dinner <iantare, hang <iactus, John <Iohannes, game <iocus, reed <iuncus, etc., as one might check in any basic language history manual. [3] Therefore, the expected result, if there was an evolution of the isolated name, would be "Jago", "Jagó", "Jágovo", or something similar. What has in fact occurred is that here the conservative pressure of the Church has held together the name and adjective, which have evolved together as one word: "Santiago." From "Santiago", by popular way, the logical swallowing takes place San-James ( St. James ). This is how the Portuguese and Galician proper name "James" is born and that is why the name of the apostle and the patron of multiple parishes throughout the country are abbreviated in texts written as STiago since the same Middle Ages.
The name Iago / Yago enters the peninsular languages, as well as Italian, [4] in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, due to the popularity of dramatic and especially lyrical opera characters (eg, "Othello", "Aída"). "," Carmen "...). In particular, "Yago" is a character from the opera "Othello" (based on Shakespeare's work of the same title), featuring Count Berio's libretto and Rossini's music, which premiered in 1816. And Iago is just the written adaptation of the name spellings and the Portuguese kale, which do not use the letter Y . Enough with consulting a good dictionary of the Portuguese language like Aurelio, [5] to verify that not only does "Iago" come from the character of the play "Othello", but is also used as a common noun to designate the "Cunning, Intriguing, False, Rogue", which would not make sense if it were a traditional proper name. and common in the Portuguese language. The arrival of the name in Spain is what made it invent, in certain environments, the form "Sant'Iago", from the Latin abbreviation of Sant Iacob.
James in the bible .
According to the New Testament , James was the son of Zebedee and Salome , and brother of the apostle St. John the Evangelist .
Born in Bethsaida , Galilee . Like his father and brother, the apostle John, was a fisherman in the Sea of Galilee , where he worked in probable partnership with Andrew and Simon Peter ( Matthew 4: 21-22 and Luke 5:10 ), repairing the fishing nets. James, Peter, and John would also be the first to abandon everything to follow Jesus as his disciples ( Matthew 17: 1 and Matthew 26:37 ; Luke 8:51 ), having been his closest collaborators as they participated in the Transfiguration. in the agony of Christ in the Garden of Olives .
In the Gospel of Matthew, it is said that the mother of both James and John, Salome, in his maternal pride, asked Jesus that his two sons, James and John, be placed on the right and left on the Kingdom of But God said to him, "You do not know what you ask. Can you drink the cup that I will drink?" The apostles answered, "We can." "Well, that is true," Jesus concluded, "but giving you first place in the kingdom depends on my Father in heaven." This episode caused some irritation among the other apostles, as it was an obvious attempt to stand out above the group.
According to Mark 3:17 , James and John are called by Jesus as Boanerges , that is, "Sons of thunder." This was due to a fact that characterized their character: when Jesus arrived with his entourage to the land of the Samaritans , they blocked his entry. John and James saw in this fact an affront to Christ and expressed their indignation with these words: "Lord, wilt thou that we send fire from heaven upon this city, to devour it?" But Jesus rebuked them saying, "You do not know what spirit you are! The Son of Man is not come to lose, but to save souls" ( Luke 9:54 ).
According to the Bible, he is one of the closest disciples of Jesus of Nazareth, since on several occasions where Jesus was accompanied only by 3 apostles, he was chosen, along with Peter and John. This was the case at the Transfiguration on Mount Tabor on the occasion. the resurrection of Jairus 'daughter and the Garden of Olives, just before Jesus' arrest .
James is quoted among the testimonies of Christ's third appearance after his death and resurrection on the shores of Lake Tiberias .
Little else is known about your life. His last appearance in the most widely accepted biblical text is that he was the first apostle to die and was commanded to beheaded by order of Herod Agrippa I , king of Judea , around the year 44 in Jerusalem . He is, by the way, the only apostle whose death is narrated in the Bible , "He [Herod] perished by the edge of the sword James the brother of John" ( Acts 12: 1-2 ).
James and Hispania .
Many believe that James visited the Roman province of Hispania and preached Christian doctrine right after the Pentecost episode . In the city of Zaragoza , he would have witnessed an apparition of Mary, the mother of Jesus, who still lived. Such an apparition on a pillar originated the cult of Our Lady of Pillar . Due to the failure to evangelize the pagans of the Iberian Peninsula, James would have returned to Judea , where he was martyred. Places you will have spent in Portugal in life include Braga , Guimarães and Rateswhere his disciple St. Peter (of Rates) became the first bishop of Braga ca. 45. as well as in various places in Galicia, Spain.
The tomb of St. James in Compostela.
According to legendary tradition, his body was then transported there, Galicia , and buried in the place of Compostela (later called, in his honor, Santiago de Compostela ). The departure took place in the port of Jaffa , near Jerusalem, inside a stone "ark" like a boat dragged by the angels' wind, crossed the Mediterranean and the Portuguese coast, and landed in Padrón , later belonging to the diocese. from Iria Flávia. Obviously, however, there is no evidence to corroborate this legend accurately except to say that a tomb from the earliest times of Christianity was found beneath the Compostela Cathedral, accompanied by two others on either side. What is more significant is that one of them is visible one of the names of the two disciples of Santiago and which she helped that this feat was possible [6] .
It is true that in 814 , in Galicia , a hermit (his name Pelaio), following a revelation he had had in his sleep, discovered a tomb containing some relics, and these were immediately venerated and associated with Santiago, by virtue of the legend that claimed that he had come to Spain to bear witness of Christ. On that tomb would be erected the mentioned Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela .
As later another legend tells that soon after he appeared in heaven during the Battle of Clavijo , riding horse and sword in hand to support the Christian hosts against the Moors, allowing with this miraculous gesture the victory of King Ramiro I against the latter. Santiago became the patron saint of all Spain , which included Galicia , Leon and Castile , Aragon and the Kingdom of Portugal even after the independence of the kingdom of Leon and Castile, and is still the patron of the Portuguese Army and Spanish.
The sanctuary in Compostela has become one of the most famous pilgrimage sites in the Christian world, especially in the Middle Ages , only surpassed by Rome and Jerusalem - difficulties in accessing these destinations eventually lead many pilgrims to Compostela, especially after the end. of Muslim danger in the Iberian Peninsula. Later, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, a new impetus arose, fueled by the effects of the Counter-Reformation , after the Council of Trent , in which there was a massive wave of pilgrims who landed in the Atlantic ports to do it on foot and on horseback. The way of Santiago He came to designate a set of routes, crammed with hostels and hospices dedicated to the saint, which crossed western Europe and Portugal to Santiago de Compostela , through northern Spain .
Even today, tens of thousands of pilgrims each year drive to Santiago de Compostela , considered the third holiest city in Christianity after Jerusalem and Rome [7] . However, it is not to be disregarded that the first is in the East, the second in the center, and it is very close to the westernmost "edge" of the Christian land then known ( Finisterre ).
Santiago Mata-Moors .
_01.jpg)
According to other traditions, Santiago would have miraculously appeared in various fights fought in Spain during the Christian Reconquest - Battle of Clavijo in 844 - and was henceforth nicknamed Matamoros ("Mata- Moors "). Santiago y cierra España has since been the rallying cry of the armies of Hispania . Santiago was also protector of the Portuguese army , for the reasons explained above, until the crisis of 1383-1385 , when his cry was officially replaced by that of Saint George through the influence of the English court, which had then allied itself with Portugal. In practice the Portuguese soldiers continued to invoke Santiago in their fighting for reasons of faith, as can easily be seen, for example, by reading the descriptions of João de Barros' Decades of Asia.
The writer Cervantes later recorded in his Don Quixote de la Mancha that "Santiago Mata-Moors is one of the most valiant saints and knights the world has ever had; it was given to Spain by God, as its patron and for his protection."
The Order of Santiago .
In the context of the Reconquest , the Military Order of Santiago was founded precisely to combat Muslims and guard the borders of the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula, and membership of the Order became a great dignity. Later it would be divided into two branches, one in Spain, and the other in Portugal , this being the Military Order of Santiago da Espada. Santiago is considered the protector of the Portuguese army, although after the crisis of 1383-1385 , St. George , brought by the English, came to be invoked against the Spanish hosts. Florentine Giovanni da Empoli accompanied the Portuguese in the taking of Malacca "our captain being the Apostle St. James," as he wrote in his chronicle. [8]
Celebration day .
St. James is accepted as a saint by all non-Protestant Christian confessions. It is celebrated on July 25 in the Catholic and Lutheran Churches . The Orthodox commemorate it on 30 April , the Copts on 12 April , and the Ethiopians on 28 December . In the middle of the Middle Ages, Catholics were granted plenary indulgence for their sins that went, in pilgrimage and penance, to the sanctuary of Sant'Alago de Compostela in the Compostela Jubilee Years , when their holy day fell on a Sunday.
Saint patron .
James, besides Patron of Galicia and all Spain, is also the saint protector:
- of horsemen, pilgrims, pilgrimages, and ways;
- the Spanish and Portuguese army;
- from countless professions: truckers, hatters, fur manufacturers, coopers, pharmacists, alchemists, veterinarians…;
- of Chile , of Guatemala and Nicaragua , Colombia , Cuba , Mexico , Peru as well as numerous Latin Hispanic localities;
- It is also invoked for the prosperity of apple and other fruit trees and against rheumatism.
- Patron saint of a scout section, the explorers.
Iconography .
In iconography, Santiago has three representations:
- As a pilgrim , sitting or standing, wearing sandals, tunic, hat, gourd, cloak, and what became the quintessential symbol of Santiago - the scallop (called Concha de Santiago ), which was often used by pilgrims in their hats or cloaks - as well as a staff, to aid pilgrims in their difficult travels through hills and valleys.
“Sometimes he appears as a knight , represented on a white horse with a sword in one hand and a banner in the other. This devotion comes after the Battle of Clavijo in 844 . Throughout the Middle Ages it becomes known as Santiago, the Moorish killer . The dagger-tipped cross becomes one of its symbols.
- In the Hispanic conquest in America, one sees the fourth devotion to St. James the Greater. The iconography of moros moros will be readaptated, emerging the figure of Santiago Mata-Indians , who will become a symbol of the conquest of both bodies and souls in the New World.
Source: Know Your Angel. EDT New Cultural.
Source: Healing Psalms. EDT High Astral.
Source: The magic of Kabbalistic Angels. EDT Esoteric Cultural Workshop.
Nenhum comentário:
Postar um comentário